Desk Report,
The Nobel Prize has been awarded every year since 1901, with the motto of ‘the greatest contribution to the welfare of humanity’ in mind. Initially, the Nobel Prize was awarded in five fields – physics, chemistry, medicine, literature and peace. The prize in economics was added in 1969.
The prize is named after the Swedish scientist Alfred Nobel and the money he left behind. Alfred Nobel was a Swedish industrialist and inventor of dynamite. Alfred Nobel died on December 10, 1896. That is why the day has been chosen to present the prizes to the Nobel laureates. Today’s arrangement with the 10 countries that have been ahead in winning the Nobel Prize.
The dominance of Western countries in the history of the Nobel Prize is noticeable. Various factors, including universities, research opportunities, and linguistic dominance, are at work behind this. So far, the United States has won the most Nobel Prizes, 423. Americans have won the Nobel Prize in Medicine the most times, 109 times. After that, the United States has won 100 Nobel Prizes in Physics, 86 in Chemistry, 69 in Economics, 28 in Peace, and 15 in Literature, respectively.
Four former US presidents have won the Nobel Peace Prize. Among them, Theodore Roosevelt in 1906, Woodrow Wilson in 1919, Jimmy Carter in 2002, and Barack Obama in 2009 won the Nobel Peace Prize.
After the United States, the United Kingdom has won the most Nobel Prizes, 143. British citizens have won the most Nobel Prizes for their contributions to medicine, with 36. Chemistry is next.
The first Nobel Prize for the United Kingdom was won by scientist Sir William Ramsay. He discovered a whole family of noble gases, including helium, neon, argon, krypton, and xenon. Noble gases are a type of chemical element that is very reactive.
In addition, 28 Nobel Prizes in physics, 14 in peace, 10 in economics, and 8 in literature have gone to the UK.
